Client:
City of Pittsburgh
UX Designer & UX Researcher

Smart Loading Zones

Client

City of Pittsburgh

Solution

Redesigned Parking Payment UI

Direct Contribution

UI Design, User Research, Usability Testing

Year

2024

Scope of Work

4 Months

Location

Pittsburgh, PA

Smart Loading Zones (SLZ) are a brand new program to Pittsburgh, PA as of 2022. This program utilizes high-fidelity cameras and AI/ML to monitor specific "smart loading zones" all over Pittsburgh to adequately charge vehicles parking in these zones. Smart Loading Zones were intended to minimize congestion and lower emissions, increase parking turnover for businesses, increase city revenue, and create more efficient curbs for citizens of Pittsburgh. However, this program has met public backlash based on fees, implementation, and privacy.

Problem Statement

“How might clarify the purpose and function of Smart Loading Zones to regular drivers to encourage adoption and usage?”

Research

Our team conducted secondary research to understand the community’s broad problems with Smart Loading Zones as well as primary research by performing guerilla research in the form of intercept interviews with users on the street.

Smart Loading Zones (SLZ) are a brand new program to Pittsburgh, PA as of 2022. This program utilizes high-fidelity cameras and AI/ML to monitor specific "smart loading zones" all over Pittsburgh to adequately charge vehicles parking in these zones. Smart Loading Zones were intended to minimize congestion and lower emissions, increase parking turnover for businesses, increase city revenue, and create more efficient curbs for citizens of Pittsburgh. However, this program has met public backlash based on fees, implementation, and privacy.

Sarina Vij Interviewing a Smart Loading Zone User

After gaining a broad understanding of the topic and the problem space, we dove into primary research by interviewing multiple small business owners as well as long-term residents of Pittsburgh directly affected by these Smart Loading Zones. We found that the Smart Loading Zones themselves weren’t the problem, it was the complicated nature of registering your car and vehicle just to simply pay for 5 minutes of parking was the major pain point. In addition, the Smart Loading Zones were initially designed for truck drivers to use but the majority of users are “regular drivers” (Class C). Thus, adding to the overall frustration of using Smart Loading Zones because the current payment system did not cater to the proper user group.

Following these interviews, we aggregated all our data on a whiteboard with stickies and began Affinity Diagramming. Through that Affinity Diagramming, our team was able to tease out insights that subsequently informed our final solution.

Affinity Diagramming to Organize Secondary and Primary Research

Insights

After collecting valuable interview data from our Guerilla Research and Secondary Research, we synthesized the following insights.

The Payment System for Smart Loading Zones is Over Complicated

We learned from talking to community members and local business owners affected by the Smart Loading Zones (SLZ) that people are avoiding them because of the confusing payment system. Community members find it complicated and untrustworthy, while businesses notice a drop in customers after SLZ implementation. This shows a lack of planning for SLZ users. There's an opportunity to design a more user-friendly payment system to boost SLZ usage and support local businesses.

The Primary User Group of Smart Loading Zones are Commercial Drivers

Our analysis of Smart Loading Zone (SLZ) usage data, completed with affinity diagramming, revealed that the primary user group were Class C drivers, not delivery drivers. This points to a key problem in SLZ implementation – it's not effectively serving its intended purpose because it has a broader user base. This indicates an opportunity to reconsider and possibly redesign the SLZ to better suit the diverse users benefiting from it. Understanding the needs and expectations of the actual user base is crucial for the success of similar initiatives in the future.

User Would Rather Park Illegally than use Smart Loading Zones

The users of the Smart Loading Zones would rather risk getting a parking citation than figure out how to properly use and pay for parking in a Smart Loading Zone. User’s primary motivation when it comes to parking is convenience, they do not mind paying but it must be convenient.

Prototyping

Our team developed and tested a “Wizard of Oz” prototype that we tested on users of Smart Loading Zones.

To start designing a solution, our team hit the whiteboard and began drawing out the screens that would be used in our prototype. We decided to simplify the screens as much as possible and emphasize the information and the payment process to streamline the experience for users.

Wireframes on the Whiteboard

Below is the “Wizard of Oz” prototype, made from just paper and pen. The idea was that we could quickly test this prototype on users and get real feedback on their pain points with the system. We immediately took this prototype to the streets and tested it with several users to gain valuable feedback that ultimately refined our design.

“Wizard of Oz” Prototype

Upon testing our participants, the main feedback we got was that their main priority was to pay. They were less concerned with the information portion and only wanted to pay for their parking. In addition, they were concerned if the AI had mistakenly charged the wrong vehicle so they wanted confirmation they were paying for the correct vehicle. This feedback was taken into account and implemented in a final redesign.